Since demons are recognized as a spiritual reality throughout biblical history and since followers of Christ are commanded to deliver men from these spirits as an expression of the advancing kingdom of God, most of us want to know the nature and origin of these spirits.  There are several theories about their origins – none of which are completely satisfying.  But, because “inquiring minds want to know,” I will mention the most prevalent theories and point out a few strengths and weaknesses in each.

Fallen Angel Theory

Probably the most prevalent theory is that demons are the fallen angels who were cast out of heaven with Satan.  In Revelation 12 we are told that there was war in heaven between Michael and his angels and the dragon (Satan) and his angels. Satan and the angels that had allied with him were cast down to the earth never to have a place in heaven again. Many believe the reference to the dragon sweeping a third of the stars of heaven out of the sky (Rev. 12:4) reveals that a third of the angels in heaven joined Satan in his rebellion and were cast to the earth. Many believe that demons are those angels who were cast out of heaven and who do the bidding of Satan on earth.

There are several problems with this view.  Scripture tells us that the angels who were cast down are not roaming the earth tormenting men but are locked in dungeons until the final judgment.

For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment… (2 Pet.2:4)

And the angels who did not stay within their own position of authority, but left their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains under gloomy darkness until the judgment of the great day. (Jude 6)

In addition, angels have the power to manifest in physical bodies so what need would they have to enter into human bodies? Of course, you could argue that the angels who were cast out may have lost their ability to manifest as a physical presence but there is no direct reference to any angel wanting or needing to enter a physical body and the clear scriptures that state these angels are bound in dungeons until judgment seems to seal the argument.

Spirits of Wicked Men Theory

A second prevalent theory is that demons are the spirits of wicked men still wandering the earth who not only serve Satan but who continue to have appetites for sin that cannot be satisfied except through a physical body – especially sexual sin.

The argument comes mostly from the etymology of the word demon. The ancient Greeks had a word daimon which referred to the departed spirit or soul of a man or woman who had died. Sometimes these spirits were considered to be lesser deities who, after death, knew all things and who influenced men for good or evil.  In its early usage it was applied to all souls but later seemed to be primarily applied to the departed spirits of wicked men.  In the New Testament the word (daimon transliterated demon) was used of unclean spirits. Because of the Greek usage of the word many believe that demons, then are the departed spirits of wicked men roaming the earth, satisfying their sinful lusts through the flesh of others, and serving Satan.

The greatest challenge to this view is that the New Testament seems to be clear that when men die they no longer roam the earth but go to a waiting place of peace or suffering depending on their final destination. Judgment day is not a day of determining guilt or innocence but simply the day of sentencing for the lost or receiving reward for those who are in Christ.

In Luke 16, Jesus tells the story of the rich man and Lazarus.  At the death of both, they were transported to places of comfort for Lazarus and of torment for the rich man.   There seemed to be no alternative location for mankind in general – the righteous awaited the Day of Judgment in peace and comfort while the wicked were remanded to torment while they awaited their final sentencing.

Peter refers to souls who did not believe being imprisoned. “He was put to death in the body but made alive by the Spirit, through whom also he went and preached to the spirits in prison who disobeyed long ago when God waited patiently in the days of Noah while the ark was being built” (1 Pet. 3:18-20).  The wicked of Noah’s day, then, were forcibly confined in a specific place rather than wandering the earth.

For the righteous in Christ, Jesus told the thief on the cross that he would be with Jesus in Paradise on the day of his death and Paul declares that to be absent from the body is to be with Jesus (2 Cor.5:8).  So, it is clear that the spirits of righteous men do not wander the earth and the biblical evidence we have regarding the wicked is that they do not wander the earth either.

There is a third very interesting theory that demons are the spirits of the Nephilim of Genesis 6:1-4.  It is fairly involved so I will present that theory tomorrow. But just to keep a biblical perspective remember….

The seventy-two returned with joy and said, “Lord, even the demons submit to us in your name.” He replied, “I saw Satan fall like lightning from heaven. I have given you authority to trample on snakes and scorpions and to overcome all the power of the enemy; nothing will harm you. However, do not rejoice that the spirits submit to you, but rejoice that your names are written in heaven.” (Lk.10:17-20)